Evaluate software, accounting, historical comparison, external corroboration, sensitivity, uncertainty and reproducibility as distinct checks.
The proposal
Assess software, accounting, historical evidence, external corroboration, sensitivity, uncertainty and reproducibility separately; avoid reducing them to a single ‘model validated’ judgement.
How to read it
Sources identify relevant rights, methods, findings or precedents. They do not automatically establish the full World4Humans formulation. Where the project makes its own choice, that choice remains open to criticism and revision.
Sources and literature
Authority
World4Humans proposal informed by external precedents.
Relationship
Established methods or concepts are reused; the project-level combination remains a separate proposal.
Oreskes, N., Shrader-Frechette, K. & Belitz, K. (1994), “Verification, validation, and confirmation of numerical models in the Earth sciences,” Science 263:641–646. DOI 10.1126/science.263.5147.641. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17747657
Pianosi, F., Beven, K., Freer, J. et al. (2016), “Sensitivity analysis of environmental models: A systematic review with practical workflow,” Environmental Modelling & Software 79:214–232. DOI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.02.008. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2016.02.008
Helton, J.C. & Davis, F.J. (2003), “Latin hypercube sampling and the propagation of uncertainty in analyses of complex systems,” Reliability Engineering & System Safety 81:23–69. DOI 10.1016/S0951-8320(03)00058-9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832003000589
Mara, T.A. & Tarantola, S. (2012), “Variance-based sensitivity indices for models with dependent inputs,” Reliability Engineering & System Safety 107:115–121. DOI 10.1016/j.ress.2011.08.008. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832011001724
Song, E., Nelson, B.L. & Staum, J. (2016), “Shapley Effects for Global Sensitivity Analysis: Theory and Computation,” SIAM/ASA Journal on Uncertainty Quantification 4:1060–1083. DOI 10.1137/15M1048070. https://users.iems.northwestern.edu/~nelsonb/Publications/SongNelsonStaum.pdf
Pianosi, F. & Wagener, T. (2015), “A simple and efficient method for global sensitivity analysis based on cumulative distribution functions,” Environmental Modelling & Software 67:1–11. DOI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.01.004. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815215000237
Kwakkel, J.H. & Pruyt, E. (2013), “Exploratory Modeling and Analysis, an approach for model-based foresight under deep uncertainty,” Technological Forecasting & Social Change 80:419–431. DOI 10.1016/j.techfore.2012.10.005. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162512002491
Kennedy, Marc & O’Hagan, Anthony (2001), “Bayesian Calibration of Computer Models.” JRSS B 63:425–464. DOI 10.1111/1467-9868.00294. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9868.00294