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Principle

Ecological limits and precaution

We propose that decisions respect physical and ecological limits and treat serious or irreversible risks with precaution.

The proposal

Decisions must remain within physical and ecological constraints and address serious or irreversible risks with precaution, without confusing scientific evidence with normative choice.

How to read it

Sources identify relevant rights, methods, findings or precedents. They do not automatically establish the full World4Humans formulation. Where the project makes its own choice, that choice remains open to criticism and revision.

Sources and literature

Authority
Environmental law and scientific evidence, plus a World4Humans project choice.
Relationship
Established standards, methods or components exist; the wider World4Humans formulation is not established by them alone.

Cited publications

  • CESCR, 2025

    CESCR, 2025. CESCR General Comment No. 27 (2025) on economic, social and cultural rights and the environmental dimension of sustainable development. Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. https://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=GXRpEoZgUZrv9afaDcAVVxzm4rvTBBA66M0URhhYgmZgOnSfhlPtND3QV0QBkfn%2BrF5tdmQcwYMCeletHQfj4w%3D%3D

  • UN General Assembly, 2022

    UN General Assembly, 2022. The human right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment. United Nations General Assembly. https://documents.un.org/api/symbol/access?l=en&s=A/RES/76/300&t=pdf

  • O’Neill et al., 2018

    O’Neill, Daniel W.; Fanning, Andrew L.; Lamb, William F.; Steinberger, Julia K. (2018), “A good life for all within planetary boundaries.” Nature Sustainability 1:88–95. DOI 10.1038/s41893-018-0021-4. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-018-0021-4

  • Vogel et al., 2021

    Vogel, Jefim et al. (2021), “Socio-economic conditions for satisfying human needs at low energy use.” Global Environmental Change 69:102287. DOI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102287. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378021000662

  • IPCC, 2022

    IPCC (2022), AR6 WGII Glossary, “Scenario”. Official source. IPCC AR6 glossary https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/chapter/annex-ii

See verified sources

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